Abstract Second life and recycling of retired automotive lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have drawn growing attention, as large volumes of LIBs will retire in the coming decade. Here, we illustrate how battery chemistry, use, and
Apr 30, 2025 · Why Reuse Is Lagging Behind Author: Bluewater Battery Logistics The global push for renewable energy and electrification is driving an unprecedented production of lithium-ion
Apr 8, 2024 · Requirements and challenges behind recycling and second life applications are complex and continue being defined in industry and academia. Both pathways rely on cell
Direct recycling is a novel approach to overcoming the drawbacks of conventional lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling processes and has gained considerable attention from the academic
The review identifies key areas where processes need to be simplified and decision criteria clearly defined, so that optimal pathways can be rapidly determined for each end-of-life battery. Keywords: lithium-ion battery, end
This paper deals with a critical analysis and perspective of key challenges and opportunities in lithium-ion battery recycling. It examines technical limitations, economic constraints, and
Requirements and challenges behind recycling and second life applications are complex and continue being defined in industry and academia. Both pathways rely on cell collection, selection and processing, and are
Direct recycling is a novel approach to overcoming the drawbacks of conventional lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling processes and has gained considerable attention from the academic and industrial sectors in recent
3 days ago · This paper deals with a critical analysis and perspective of key challenges and opportunities in lithium-ion battery recycling. It examines technical limitations, economic
The review identifies key areas where processes need to be simplified and decision criteria clearly defined, so that optimal pathways can be rapidly determined for each end-of-life battery.
Abstract Second life and recycling of retired automotive lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have drawn growing attention, as large volumes of LIBs will retire in the coming decade. Here, we illustrate
The global push for renewable energy and electrification is driving an unprecedented production of lithium-ion batteries. Approximately ten to fifteen percent of new batteries remain unused in
Oct 17, 2023 · Utilizing the remaining capacity in retired lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries from electric vehicles (EVs) for second-life applications has shown economic and environmental benefits.
Utilizing the remaining capacity in retired lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries from electric vehicles (EVs) for second-life applications has shown economic and environmental benefits. However,
Jul 1, 2023 · Abstract Fast and accurate screening of retired lithium-ion batteries is critical to an efficient and reliable second use with improved performance consistency, contributing to the
Why Reuse Is Lagging Behind Author: Bluewater Battery Logistics The global push for renewable energy and electrification is driving an unprecedented production of lithium-ion batteries. Approximately ten to fifteen percent of
Feb 15, 2022 · This paper presents a critical review on the second-life assessment of LIBs and discusses the testing methodology to screen the battery from the battery pack for second-life use.
Abstract Fast and accurate screening of retired lithium-ion batteries is critical to an efficient and reliable second use with improved performance consistency, contributing to the sustainability

Second life and recycling of retired automotive lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have drawn growing attention, as large volumes of LIBs will retire in the coming decade. Here, we illustrate how battery chemistry, use, and recycling can influence the energy and environmental sustainability of LIBs.
Economic and environmental feasibility of second-life lithium-ion batteries as fast-charging energy storage. Environ. Sci. Technol. 54, 6878–6887. 10.1021/acs.est.9b05883 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Second life batteries (SLBs), also referred to as retired or repurposed batteries, are lithium-ion batteries that have reached the end of their primary use in applications such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems (Zhu et al., 2021a).
Reusing batteries extends their lifecycle, reduces waste and the environmental impact of lithium-ion battery production. Second-life batteries provide affordable solutions for battery energy storage and e-mobility, accelerating electrification efforts globally. To realize this potential, several steps must be taken.
These batteries have many viable applications in a second life format; for example, to provide an energy store within our grid energy networks, to complement the intermittent loading associated with renewable energy harvesting methods (Zhu et al., 2021a; Martinez-Laserna et al., 2018).
While there are options for reusing batteries in second life applications, there will ultimately be the need to recycle them. There are four main recycling methods that are actively being researched or in use in industry: (i) pyrometallurgy, (ii) hydrometallurgy, (iii) biometallurgy and (iv) direct recycling.
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